Keywords
Coordination Structure
Adsorption Energetics
Selectivity
Operando Evidence
Durability
Abstract
A central challenge in electrocatalytic active-site design is to compare studies whose mechanisms and validation settings do not share a single denominator. The present review uses cooperative atomically dispersed Fe-N4 and Sn-Nx coordination sites for oxygen reduction and chalcogenide-anion regulation of Ni2Mo6Te8 stability and nitrate-to-ammonia selectivity as focal cases for a boundary-aware synthesis. The review draws on two focal records and 12 established sources already present in the project evidence cache. Its comparative framework links coordination structure, adsorption energetics, and selectivity to downstream questions of operando evidence and durability. The combined literature indicates that methodological gains become actionable only when coordination structure and adsorption energetics are evaluated together and when limits associated with durability are explicit. This shifts the emphasis from isolated scores toward traceable chains of evidence and decision relevance. The contribution is a decision-oriented synthesis that connects method selection to failure cost and treats reproducibility, provenance, and bounded generalization as first-order design requirements.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Frederick Fowler, Walter Mercer, Arthur Benson (Author)